The Graduate Gemologist's Notebook

Psychopath on the Strip

2009-10-28T01:39:00.000-07:00

This is a prime example of what is happening in Nevada. The mental health budget for the state was butchered by our Governor Jim Gibbons and the state legislature in Carson City. As a result, people of this ilk are roaming the streets committing acts of random violence upon people, places, and things. I fully expect the situation to get worse as these deranged people are deprived of evaluation, treatment, and medication. As they are arrested, they are incarcerated and NOT treated. This is a total meltdown of social services and it endangers the citizenry. I recant anything good that I said previously about the State of Nevada.

Brother---Can you Spare a Dollar?

2009-09-15T06:48:00.000-07:00

I haven't posted anything here since the ECONOMIC COLLAPSE of September, 2008. Actually, the economy went south here in Las Vegas starting in May 2007, when the real estate market started to "tank" as the pundits like to say. The slide into "recession" here was pronounced and swift. Remember the old song from the depression of the 1930's? It was called "Brother--- can you spare a dime?" Well, now a days in Las Vegas people are actually panhandling for a dollar! That's right. Anything less is NOT good enough. That's what they ask for. It used to be "spare change." When I read about this in the newspaper I knew it would just be a matter of time before I would get solicited. And, of course I did. My response to the mendicant? It was simply, DO I LOOK LIKE A BANKER TO YOU? That usually ENDS the matter as I remove myself rapidly from the area. I think I would rather drop dead than approach people begging for paper money like some of the homeless-by-choice derelicts here.

Global Warming? Forget the Debate!

2007-08-21T10:28:00.000-07:00

While I am not an atmospheric scientist, I am well acquainted with an associated geoscience, namely climatology. It is interesting to note that in Las Vegas we have had a summer with record high temperatures breaking old daily records. From my readings it is apparent that SOMETHING is seriously wrong at the North Pole region of the planet. The melting glaciers are creating ice floes that are previously unheard of. The Inuits of the area are close to the earth and they are very disconcerted at what is happening to their enviornment. It was really pathetic for the oil-interests to politicize the issue of Global Warming. But, that is what is happening; it would have occurred with or without the involvement of former Vice-President Gore. I fear that we lack the political will and foresight to correct our wasteful use of fossil fuels. Did you know that for every unit of gasoline burned, 5 units of carbon dioxide are produced? Multiply that by the countless tons of fuel combusted every day all over the earth and you get some kind of idea how much damage has/is being done to the atmosphere. Time is going running out, in my opinion. It's way past the time where we can endlessly debate whether this is man-made or part of a "natural" cycle. The science indicting fossil fuels is sound, despite what the oil-paid politicians are saying. Personally, I don't want to be cremated alive at a slow rate, do you?

Having A Good Summer Season?

2007-06-07T16:04:00.000-07:00

Well, winter is well over and so is spring in Las Vegas. The blowing dust storms here elicit all kinds of allergic reactions and suffering due to the non-native vegetation introduced here over the years. For instance, mulberry and olive trees produce pollens which many people here are extremely allergic to. I encounter these suffering souls on a daily basis in this valley. You can be sure that the allergists have full waiting rooms through the summer season. As for me? I have what appears to be a "bullet-proof" immune system. I just hope my luck doesn't run out and I start to cough, sneeze, and swell up like all of the vege-victims here!

Need A Job?

2007-02-08T17:18:00.000-08:00

I don't think I would enjoy this kind of work. Not only is it NOT for people who don't "enjoy" heights, it's LONELY too! And, what do you do when you have to "use" a restroom? Rumor has it that these "positions" are high paying jobs. Well, WHY NOT? I don't think anyone I know would stand in line for a job interview to get one.
This company is currently posting a T-Mobile ad on the face of the Mandalay Bay Resort tower facing the "strip." Hey, they have a website. What more could you ask for?

New Year's Eve On The Strip

2007-01-01T16:48:00.000-08:00

How Big Is Bling? Try 628 Carats On For Size

2006-12-31T00:12:00.000-08:00

This is a 628 carat Mystic Topaz gemstone set in a 14k yellow gold basket mounting. It will take up a lot of skin as a pendant on the chest of your wife/mistress/girlfriend. Somehow it got left over from the Christmas selling season. Actually, the vendor shopped it around town and nobody else seemed to know what "Mystic Topaz" is and how it is produced. I guess they don't watch "Jewelry T.V." on cable at 3:00 A.M. in the morning. Being a Graduate Gemologist always gives me an edge over the sorry pawnshop guys here. Good news today regarding this masterpiece of the lapidary art. I have a qualified buyer for it. They were regretful that they didn't get a chance to purchase it for a Christmas gift. I never expected this item to sell AFTER Christmas but like I have said in an earlier entry here, expect the unexpected when in Las Vegas!

Who Says Las Vegas Doesn't Have Cultural Attractions?

2006-12-30T23:35:00.000-08:00

The Titanic artifact exhibition has been held over at the nearby Tropicana Resort and Casino. There are over 300 items on display and their authenticity is beyond doubt. We should have known that when Ballard first located the wreck in 1985 there would be a salvaging operation. There are some who say that this was a desecration of the dead who are still entombed below deck. I will leave it to you to decide on the ethicality of marine archeology. Incidentally, while there is a NO PHOTOGRAPHY sign prominently displayed at the entrance, I noticed a slew of people trying to take close-up pictures with their cellphone cameras, striving to be discreet. I pointed this out to one of the docents and they played dumb with me. What people? What cameras? This is going on obviously all the time and they care little about enforcing the rule. Of course, when you pay $24 to enter, you can figure that people think that they have a RIGHT (?) to do as they please. I had brought along my digital camera and played by the rule. HOORAY for me!

Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year?

2006-12-27T23:26:00.000-08:00

Some people in Las Vegas tried to provide a Merry Christmas for the homeless population and abused children. Nobody should have gone hungry unless they wanted to as there were very nice dinners provided at the shelters.
Credit is due the USMCR for their annual "Toys for Tots." They worked without rest to fulfill their mission of making sure that deprived children got toys that their parent/s could not provide.
I witnessed other acts of kindness which should be the order of the day, every day, and everywhere. How soon the true message of Christmas is lost on us as we resume our daily routines. Just think of how great the world would be if everyone JUST TRIED to live by the Golden Rule! Simple but not easy.

Kathy Augustine Was Murdered!

2006-10-02T20:36:00.000-07:00

It is with profound regret that I have to relate that our late State Controller Kathy Augustine has been found to be a murder victim. The drug succinylcholine was used to kill her. Her widower Chaz Higgs was arrested in Hampton, Va this past Setpetmber 29th for the homicide. Higgs, 42, was a critical care nurse at the Carson-Tahoe Regional Medical Center. His assertions to the press that she died of "stress" leading to a heart attack, weren't very well recieved last July when she failed to emerge from the drug-induced coma.
For anyone wishing to follow the case in the future days try www.lvrj.com

Any BODY For A 3rd Degree Sunburn For A Fee?

2006-09-19T18:24:00.000-07:00

This is one of my favorite local businesses in terms of entertainment value. Sin City Tanning offers to provide you a genuine sunburn (er,"tan") in the middle of the Mojave Desert for just a very few dollars. Of course, I really don't understand why.
I mean, would YOU open an a umbrella shop in a city that is lucky to get an average of around 5 inches (or less) a year in rain? We are NOT in Seattle, here. Of course, some people don't have the time to lay around a beautiful pool and soak up the Ultraviolet B rays which damage your skin resulting in a "tan" as a defensive reaction. Then again, some people have the time and money to go to a salon here and get artificially burned. As they say, "different rays for diffierent people,'' or is that "different strokes for different people?" WAIT! That's another risque story for another time here! HOLD IT! I have to keep this a family type blogsite. Oh, well, somebody has to be Mr. Goody Two-Shoes here in Las Vegas! Might as well be me, instead of Wayne Newton.

A "Museum" for the "Mafia?"

2006-09-15T15:42:00.000-07:00

This is the old United States Federal Building in downtown Las Vegas. It was also the site of the ONLY and ORIGINAL Post Office in the city. Our esteemed mayor (and former "mob" attorney) Oscar Goodman wants to convert this historic building into a museum dedicated to the criminal "contributions" of La Cosa Nostra to the great enterprise we call the USA. You have to forgive poor Oscar for this brainless concept. Rumor has it that he regularly guzzles gallons of Bombay Gin, just for fun and stress relief, of course. It can't be easy running a complex system of marvelous things for the tax-paying citizens of our fair city.

This Business Eats Money 24/7, No Dieting Here!

2006-09-15T15:31:00.000-07:00

Las Vegas is "truly paradise" to the afflicted compulsive gamblers. Well, not really. It's more like 3 feet north of hell, especially in the summertime here. Where else can you LOSE money on a 24 hour basis playing "Bingo?" If that isn't sufficient, you can also indulge your disease with "Live Poker," and "Live Keno." That, I guess; is opposed to "Dead Poker and "Dead Keno." In any event, you can be sure that you have to BEG for a "cocktail" especially if you are WINNING anything. If you are losing, which is usually the case, you can FORGET about drinking for "free." When you run out of money to gamble with, you have to BUY your own beer to cry over. Que Sera, sera.

I Am Proudly One Of The "24%'s Here! Kind Of Like 24kt Gold

2006-09-14T16:28:00.000-07:00

While Las Vegas and the State of Nevada are known for their beautiful resort destinations, there is an undercurrent of shame here. And, it is all about education. While growth in the Clark County School District has been tremendous in terms of student load, there is a perpetual lack of qualified teachers. Why? Could it be the LOW starting salary? And, then again it could be the WEAK teacher's union? And, then finally could it be that the prospective applicants KNOW all about how the student test scores are abysmally low? There is absolutely no prestige in teaching in a school district marked by low student test scores. Maybe it is because most of the parents here were LUCKY to graduate from High School and put little value in ANY kind of education.
According to the latest statistics, ONLY 24% of the adult population here hold college degrees. This is my B.A. from California State University, Fullerton where I went to school with Kevin Costner. I was a senior when he was a freshman. I befriended this younger student because we were both interested in film history. Neither of us knew at the time that he would become a world-famous actor, director, and producer. "Dances with Wolves" was truly a masterpiece. Some of his other films are so-so, and he knows it. I liked his work in "JFK" very much. Expect more blockbusters from him in the years ahead. This guy has talent that even he doesn't yet realize. Oh, and he actually graduated with a B.A. in business too. That wasn't "show business," either.

Is This Typical Of Las Vegas?

2006-09-06T16:29:00.000-07:00

This is an example once again of IMPROVISED ROADSIDE GARBAGE (IRG). Because I am a public-spirited citizen I removed the debris from the expressway off-ramp at Decatur Blvd. I guess there aren't many concerned citizens who are willing to roll up their sleeves, although EVERYBODY seems to complain about the visual blight, gang grafitti, and construction nails destroying tires. Let's see. I can recycle the tire and the plastic. The broken glass shards are definitely dangerous without thicker gloves. All in all, this is beginning to be really TIRESOME.

We Shall Never Forget. After 9/11/01

2006-09-06T13:37:00.000-07:00

This is the current and REVISED seal of the city of Las Vegas on the official Sheriff's badge for Clark County. I want to extend my appreciation to Jerry Airola for using the Sheriff's badge on his campaign posters for this depiction. ( I don't know if the current retiring Sheriff Young granted permission, knowing Jerry he probably didn't ask, but that's another story.) Note how the JET AIRCRAFT flying into the highest tower HAS BEEN REMOVED AFTER 9/11. How is this about an expression of guilt and or remorse over what happened in New York City on that dreadful day? Only this kind of thing could HAPPEN in Las Vegas where you can ALWAYS expect the UNEXPECTED!

Lest We Forget. Before 9/11/01

2006-09-06T13:26:00.000-07:00

I photographed this last night. It is at the entrance of the Las Vegas Municipal Golf Course on Decatur Blvd. This is the OLD ( pre 9/11)official seal of the city of Las Vegas. Please carefully note the JET AIRCRAFT with contrail flying through the highest tower. I know that it is difficult to see. It is a well-known historical fact now that Mohammed Atta spent a few weeks here planning the World Trade Tower attacks in New York City that culminated with the darkest hour for our nation since December 7th, 1941. Was this seal involved in firing his sick and fevered imagination?

Election Loathing In Las Vegas

2006-09-06T13:16:00.000-07:00

Well, the election is over. Now the LOSING and WINNING candidates have to pick up their roadside signs which have been well vandalized at this point. The WINNERS really ought to get creative and save money and buy good "speaking points." They ought to HIRE THE HOMELESS people to clean everything up. With an estimated 15,000 homeless people on the streets here there is NO REASON for all of the visual blight generated by all of the dirty politics that went down. Just think about the potential. A veritable army of homeless people cleaning Las Vegas! Wow! Wait! Does that mean that the politicians and wannabe "leaders" have to pay them out of their own campaign funds? Afraid so. Well, that will have to happen when it snows here in August. In other words, don't count on it!

Condition Red: IRG!

2006-09-06T12:22:00.000-07:00

I am sure that you are familiar with IED's at this point in the "war on terrorism." That is to say watch out for the roadside "Improvised Explosive Devices." In Las Vegas, we have IRG. That is to say: IMPROVISED ROADSIDE GARBAGE. A particularly dangerous area is ANY exit ramp from an expressway here. The roadside depicted is the exit ramp southbound of the Oran Gragson Expressway onto Decatur Blvd. going North. Make no mistake about it. You are going to have to drive around (?) empty intact and broken beer bottles with an occasional empty champagne bottle thrown aside for a little bit more adventure in driving. Of course, there is absolutely NOTHING you can do about all of the stray construction and housing NAILS that litter the streets here. The tire dealers here LOVE IT! It is no surprise to me that so many drivers are taking prescribed "medication" for driving anxiety.

Not Quite "BLING" But That Isn't The Point

2006-09-05T15:20:00.000-07:00

Here is another example of a custom-made item of fine jewelry. A gentleman's gemstone ring accented by round brilliant-cut diamonds, all set in 18kt yellow gold. The diamonds on each side of the mounting were pave set by hand. The cabochon ( poorly rendered by the blogger.com photo software) is a Tiger-Eye. This is a stone belonging to the quartz family. It displays an "eye" which opens and closes under varying amounts and directions of pinpoint illumination. This is the optical phenomenon of "chatoyancy." This word is derived from French in reference to a "cat's eye." The most prominent stone displaying this is chatoyant chrysoberyl, which is usually just referred to as a "cats-eye," among lovers of gemstones. The point is that this is a type of gemstone that can be worn and enjoyed by men and women alike. Like what I call "cocktail jewelry" here in Las Vegas. Want to start a conversation in a plush lounge with a total stranger who looks interesting to you? Just offer your hand and say "Hi!, What do you you think about this?"

One Of A Kind? Of Course!

2006-09-05T15:03:00.000-07:00

This is a custom-designed and produced Lady's Cameo Bracelet accentuated with genuine round rubies cast in 14kt yellow gold. People sometimes ask, why does jewelry cost so much? Well, this isn't an ordinary piece of jewelry. It was custom-designed and is NOT an "ordinary" production item. Even though the elements of the bracelet were cast by the "Lost Wax" method, the final assembly is painstakingly done by the hands of a master bench jeweler. So, aside from the cost of the gold and rubies, we also consider the cost of the design and execution, and all of the LABOR involved. Sorry, the "fast-food" mentality mindset doesn't work here. Good craftmanship leads to durability, not just beauty to the eye. I fully expect this piece to become an heirloom to someone not yet born.

Elegant Living?

2006-08-23T18:50:00.000-07:00

Here is the lovely (NOT) area where I first lived in Las Vegas. It's 4995 South Maryland Parkway, one block south from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. When I moved there in 1985, the area was strictly collegiate. Now, there seems to be NOTHING but undocumented aliens and the stores and apartments that cater to their trade. The student community that I used to enjoy so much has retreated back onto campus and many students commute from the other areas of the city where it is safer to live. I guess the sound of gunfire every night over drug deals gone bad makes it unsettling. The UNLV campus police have jurisdiction over this area and believe me, they are running scared. It's not like it was in the good 'ole days.

Ruby In The Rough (26.21 Carats)

2006-08-23T18:21:00.000-07:00

As a Graduate Gemologist with a an academic background in mineralogy, I enjoy the analysis of rough crystals. This is a a ruby in the rough. You can see the exterior hexagonal form which reflects the internal pattern in which the atoms are bonded. This particular piece of rough is far from being top grade faceting material. It will more likely be polished into a cabochon which will be dome shaped. This specimen is typical of ruby from Thailand. Historically, the finest rubies both faceted and cut en-cabochon have originated from Burma, especially the Mogok district. If you are considering a trip to Thailand someday, please be advised that the locals are looking for "farang," i.e., generally Americans with American money. And, don't expect to purchase any "bargain" rubies that may be offered to you by the local "dealers." They are most likely inexpensive but beautiful flame-fusion synthetics which have been produced since 1905. They have managed to turn this from an art into a supreme science of scam. Of course, if you are serious about a buying trip you can avoid a lot of grief and disappointment in buying genuine natural rubies and HIRE ME to accompany you. I have numerous contacts in Bangkok that are legitimate and while you won't get any "bargains" you won't get ripped off either. The GIA has a campus in Bangkok where we can have a Identification Report done for you before you leave. That way your stone has a "pedigree," and there is NO DOUBT about whether it is "real" or not. How about that for peace of mind? Oh, and everyone at the GIA in Bangkok speaks real English too!

Why Did This Ashtray Have To Die?

2006-08-23T18:12:00.000-07:00

When we talk about "fear and loathing" in Las Vegas everyone wonders about proof. Well, here is a classic example of what happens when someone isn't operating on a steady basis, which took the form of an assault against a heavy solid granite ashtray. That's right. An ashtray. It was admired for its solid contruction and fireproof quality by a lot of smokers. My wise late Father had a sign on his desk which stated,"Anger is but one letter away from Danger." Whoever destroyed this ashtray was filled not with what we would call simple discontent. This was an act of RAGE, perpetrated outside a CHURCH. (I am not making this up). Of course, Las Vegas is a city filled with angry people. Angry over losing their money gambling, broken relationships, and whatever else doesn't seem to go their way, all fueled by alcohol and or drugs, both legal and otherwise. It is a constant challenge to cope with strangers of this ilk, always hoping that you will not become a victim of their rage. An inanimate object was the object of rage here, MAYBE substituting for a human being. I am sick of the violence in this city.

Top of the Line Tanzanite Pendant

2006-08-02T21:33:00.000-07:00

One of the best things about being a Graduate Gemologist is the chance to examine and study extremely fine articles of jewelry. I am NOT speaking of the "bread and butter" jewelry you will find at mass marketing stores like Wal-Mart. This is a pendant containing an oval 9.33 carat Tanzanite of top grade color and polish accented by 16 round brilliant cut diamonds with a total weight of 2 carats. Items such as this cost many thousands of dollars to fashion. This Tanzanite is one of the finest that I have ever seen. You can take it to the bank that I didn't dare drop this pendant on a hard surface! After over two decades of practice I can relax and not shake like a leaf handling expensive jewelry. I remember my "rookie" days in the industry when fear of gravity was the usual feelng. Incidentally, the digital photograph here like others on the Internet really doesn't do justice to the item. There is NO substitute for seeing an article of jewelry with your own two eyes. As in live and in person. So, try shopping in person and find someone like me who can explain the piece to you. I can explain the factors involved in why a jewel is priced the way it is. No matter what, the important thing to remember that it should look EXPENSIVE and that you can expect to get a lot of compliments for having such good taste.

"Blood Diamonds"

2006-08-01T18:27:00.000-07:00

Along with the concern for responsible gold mining, we witness global concern for what have been known as "blood diamonds." These are rough diamonds that have been illicitly mined and stolen in nations such as Sierra Leone to finance civil war. The international response is "The Kimberly Process." This is a tracking mechanism whereby rough diamonds are tracked from mining areas and certified as being free of illegal handling in the "diamond pipeline."
This protocol was initiated by the United States and participating countries as a result of United Nations intervention in the early years of this century. The result is that the trade in these diamonds has dropped from a high of 4% to approximately 1% of rough diamonds traded internationally.
I am looking forward to seeing a FICTIONAL treatment of "conflict diamonds" in the motion picture called "The Blood Diamond," with Leonard DiCaprio due out this December. I have read the synopsis of the screenplay (available on Wikipedia.org) and it sounds like an interesting film. There has been some trepidation amongst people in the legitimate diamond trade that the general public will get misinformation on how widespread the illicit trading is. The fact is: It is NOT widespread and NEVER was! It is understandable that people would be upset to know that their hard-earned money was used to finance bloodshed. I know that I don't want any part of it. The Kimberly Process is working and will continue to work well.

"Responsible Gold?"

2006-04-12T20:12:00.000-07:00

There is a lot of current press regarding what is known as "Responsible Gold." This is a term coined to describe ecologically friendly mining techniques. The truth of the matter is that precious metal mining has historically been destructive to the enviornment. One only has to travel to the former gold fields in California to see the still denuded cliffs which were blasted with streams of water in order to remove gold bearing rock. 70% of the gold mined in the world goes into the fabrication of finished jewelry.
Nevada is currently the leading producer of gold in the USA. The primary occurence is called the Carlin Trend. It is located west of the city of Elko in Northern Nevada. Dangerous elements such as Mercury, Arsenic, and CYANIDE are used to extract microscopic gold from the earth. The days of finding large nuggets or "easy pickings," are long gone.With the current spot price of gold at over $600.00\ounce previously uneconomical deposits are being reworked. While metallurgical engineering may provide ecologically friendly technology for mining someday, it has not done so yet. None of us want to see what is left of the earth destroyed in the pursuit of greedy corporate profits. WAIT! The shareholders in these multi-national mining corporations are in the way! Not to worry. The enviornmentalists have already won their case in the court of public opinion.

Gem Identification (Part 7) Microscopy

2006-04-05T18:23:00.000-07:00

Does this instrument look familiar? No need for an introduction here! Stereoscopic binocular microscopes are a very useful investment in gem identification. And, they reveal a LOT of interesting features in diamonds and colored stones. Unlike a loupe, it's relatively handsfree to use. The range on this scope is from the standard 10x magnification to 120 power. When the magnification is increased the field of view decreases and illumination has to be increased. Microscopic examination of the unknown red cabochon reveals "silk," which is characteristic of corundum. Corumdum is the "family" name for rubies and sapphires. Since this "cab" has shown all of the correct parameters for the red variety of corundum, it is what it is. A natural untreated ruby cabochon. Gem identification doesn't necessarily include all of the tests that have been shown here. Some tests such as polariscopy and refractometry are mandatory in most cases. Some identifications require spectroscopy to seperate natural from synthetic or laboratory created gems. If you think this kind of work is "fun" you are correct. I am always looking at new gemstones. And, guess what? No two are ever exactly alike in every respect. Talk about variety!

Gem Identification (Part 6) Spectroscopy

2006-04-05T18:01:00.000-07:00

Spectroscopes are used to seperate white light into its component colors. (Remember Sir Isaac Newton and his invention of the prism?) Various chemical elements or CHROMOPHORES are coloring agents in gemstones. The absorbtion lines or bands in the spectroscope indicates the elemental coloring agent in many circumstances. This instrument is often needed to distinguish dyed from natural colored Jadeite jade. Also, color treated diamonds can be detected. The unknown red cabochon shows absorbtion in the red portion of the spectrum indicating Chromium as the chromophore. I think I have enough information to make a definitive identification at this point as Chromium is the key to this stone.

Gem Identification (Part 5) Dichroscopy

2006-04-05T17:50:00.000-07:00

This is a very useful instrument called a Dichroscope. Some doubly refractive gemstones display what is known as Pleochroism (gr. many colors). For instance, the unknown red cabochon show red and orange colors when the tube is rotated. The examination is conducted under cool diffused light.

Gem Identification (Part 4) Refractometry

2006-04-02T01:49:00.000-08:00

This is called a Refractometer. It measures a ratio called the Refractive Index. The Refractive Index indicates the speed of light in the air divided by the speed of light inside the gemstone. When light enters a gemstone 2 things happen. The light is refracted or bent, and the light DECREASES in speed. The Refractometer measures the bending of light inside the gemstone and converts it to a numerical value. The range is 1.31-1.81 as viewed though the lens. The technique involves placing the gemstone upside or table down over a minute drop of contact liquid which is extracted from the brown bottle. This test is sometimes VERY CONCLUSIVE as in the case of Tanzanite which has a somewhat unique R.I. that is not seen in other stones. This instrument also indicates OPTICAL CHARACTER as the lens is rotated during examination. The unknown red cabochon shows a R.I. of 1.76-1.78

Gem Identification (Part 3) Polariscopy

2006-04-02T01:32:00.000-08:00

This is a gemological instrument called a polariscope. The gemstone is placed between the two lenses and illuminated. Depending upon what is seen through the top lens the OPTICAL CHARACTER of the unknown gemstone can be determined. This is a very important factor as gemstones are either singly refractive (isotrophic) or doubly refractive (anisotrophic). In this case, the unknown red cabochon shows a doubly refractive response.

Gem Identification (Part 2)

2006-04-02T01:14:00.000-08:00

Once a gemstone has been examined under 10x magnification it is measured and weighed. The stone being weighed here is a unknown red cabochon. Cabochons are not faceted like other gemstones. In Nevada all scales used for commerce MUST be certified. The yellow sticker was affixed to this scale after a state inspector tested it for accuracy. This is a portable Dendritics scale with a capacity for weighing up to 100 carats at a time. The unknown red cabochon weighs 11.09 carats. It is highly included and appears to be a "hard" gemstone given its polish and vitreous (glass-like) luster.

Gem Identification (Part I)

2006-04-02T00:58:00.000-08:00

Everyday gem identification work begins with a sorting pad, stone tongs, millimeter gauge, and a 10x power magnifier commonly known as a loupe (pronounced loop). Loupes come in different magnifications and apertures. The standard for gem identification and diamond grading is 10 times magnification. I prefer loupes with large apertures as they allow a greater amount of light to enter the lens. The lens is actually composed of 3 glass lens cemented together called a triplet lens. The loupe is CORRECTED for what is known as spherical and chromatic aberration. To the trained eye many gemstones can be identified at first sight under this level of magnification. Gemstones that are not conclusively identified at first sight then undergo a series of non-destructive optical tests that render identity a certainty. It is basically a process of elimination.

Steam Cleaning

2006-04-01T03:28:00.000-08:00

After jewelry has been cleaned in the ultrasonic machine the final touch is steam cleaning. It serves to remove any lingering traces of residue and dries the item. HANG ON! The steamer uses a p.s.i. of 70. As in 70 pounds per square inch of vapor. So, I use special long tipped rubber tongs to secure the item under the blast of steam. Don't try this at home! LOL! A little goes a long way!

Ultrasonic Jewelry Cleaning

2006-04-01T02:54:00.000-08:00

This is a Gesswein ultrasonic cleaner. It incorporates a heating switch along with an automatic timer. The vat contains a specially formulated cleaning solution which becomes VERY hot thus shortening the cleaning time. The process of ultrasonic cleaning is known scientifically as "cavitation." X number of solution molecules actually implode on all surfaces loosening polishing residue and other substances which cling to polished goods. BEWARE! This is an aggressive cleaning process which has to be done carefully. Set stones which are not set securely in their mountings have a tendency to come loose and fall to the bottom of the tank. It is part of the cleaning protocol to FIRST identify the gemstones that are set. Diamonds clean quite well. BUT, certain gem materials such as Emeralds, Opals, Pearls, Amber, Turqouise, and especially Tanzanite should NEVER be cleaned by the ultrasonic method. They are prone to damage not only by the cavitation process but also by the thermal shock of the VERY hot solution. This is why you should find a store with qualified gemologists on staff who are in charge of cleaning. They are aware of the material being cleaned and carefully examine each item BEFORE cleaning, looking for secure placement of the gemstones. Also, it is prudent NOT to use this machine for diamonds and gemstones which are highly included with flaws, especially flaws which break the surface of the stone. Fractures and cleavages can be extended in the stone which can seriously undermine the durability.
I always point out the BEFORE appearance of the item to be cleaned. And, when the item has been cleaned it is once again what I like to call "showcase clean." One of the most rewarding aspects of this task for me is when I get a smile and a THANK YOU SO VERY MUCH from a client. I have had the good fortune of NEVER DAMAGING a diamond or gemstone using this method. Of course, I use my knowledge and careful technique in caring for the jewelry.

Polishing Machine

2006-04-01T02:41:00.000-08:00

This is an industrial quality two-lap polishing machine. The laps are impregnated with what is known as "rouge." Different rouge is indicated for the type of metal being polished. The hoods over each wheel catch the minute metallic particles and filter them into a trap. Each accessible portion of the jewelry item is polished. The rouge acts as an abrasive medium which brings out the high metallic luster of precious metals. You can determine good craftmanship in a ring by looking at the INSIDE of the ring shank. The polish should be gleaming and mirror-like. There is NO EXCUSE for bad polish on any piece of jewelry that is manufactured. The jeweler stands in front of the machine and is in a position to fully grasp the item. Believe me, in this kind of work ONLY practice makes perfect!

Automatic Polishing Machine

2006-04-01T02:33:00.000-08:00

This big red "box" is an automatic polishing machine. It employs the use of small stainless steel filings in a special solution in the bin on top. The filings are swirled around in the solution magnetically making contact with the jewelry item/s. The result is a fine matte polish on all surfaces. The model is made by the Romanoff Company of Amityville, New York. Note the MADE IN THE USA sticker on the upper left hand corner of the unit.

Vacuum Casting

2006-04-01T02:27:00.000-08:00

There are two methods of casting precious metals. This machine uses the vacuum technique where the molten metal is literally "sucked" into the impression forming the item that is being made.
The other method uses a spring driven centrifuge which rotates at a high rate of speed. It is my opinion that the vacuum method is slightly superior in terms of better outcomes.

Burn-Out Furnace

2006-03-30T18:59:00.000-08:00

This is what is known as a "burn-out' furnace (NOT OVEN!) where the solidified wax melts and leaves an impression in the solidified investment compound. The process is time and temperature controlled. Not all outcomes are PERFECT as they have to be. Sometimes its just a matter of luck to have a good casting for the final process which involves pouring molten metal (platinum, gold, or silver) into the flask and quenching it in water. Incidentally, pure gold melts at 1,945 degrees F. This furnace is NOT suitable for homestyle cuisine, if you know what I mean. Forget about microwaving too. LOL!

Investment Mixing

2006-03-30T17:47:00.000-08:00

This machine is used to remove air bubbles from what is known as "investment." The investment is a substance like plaster of paris with silica which forms around the wax mold when it is placed in a cylinder called a "flask." The bubble seals the area on top of the to machine to form a vacuum.

Wax Injection Pot

2006-03-30T17:42:00.000-08:00

Rubber molds made in a vulcanizer are used when melted wax are injected into them. This is called a "Wax Pot." Specially formulated wax pellets are melted and the subsequent mixture is pressurized using a generator. The hot wax is depositied into the rubber molds for use in the casting process.

Jewelry Manufacturing

2006-03-30T17:28:00.000-08:00

Jewelry manufacturing commonly involves fabrication employing the "Lost Wax" method. The first stage involves carving the item to be made in wax. Modified jewelers benches such as the one depicted are utilized.

Entertainment in the Sky!

2006-02-25T00:36:00.000-08:00

Out of town visitors often ask me about "free shows." Well, you can enjoy a free show while you wait to dine at the Rio Suites Hotel. It's called "Masquerade," and there are 7 performances nightly. You can become a cast member for a modest fee and ride in an overhead gondola like the one shown here. Of course, if you have a fear of heights; I don't think you would enjoy it. Just a word to the wise.

Recognition Jewelry

2006-02-21T14:28:00.000-08:00

In many instances jewelry isn't about bling and fashion. This is a ring that I wear. It commemorates my late Father's 20 years of service to the Chevrolet Motor Division of General Motors Corporation. It is a "Legion of Leaders" ring set with a 1ct round brilliant cut bezel set diamond in 10k yellow gold. A lot of recognition jewelry like class rings is cast in 10k white and yellow gold. This makes it more affordable for young people.
I read today that General Motors is facing bankruptcy. This is a tragic circumstance for our nation. I am dismayed and depressed over it. When the great American corporations start to die, the American dream dies too. Just my opinion, for what it is worth. BE AMERICAN, BUY AMERICAN (if, and when you can!) The job you save may be your own.

Presidential Memorial Certificate

2006-02-20T15:38:00.000-08:00

This is the Presidential Memorial Certificate which was sent to me by President Clinton upon the occasion of my Father's death on September 24th, 1999. It reads as follows: "The United States of America honors the memory of Howard E. Goodwin---This certificate is awarded by a grateful nation in recognition of devoted and selfless consecration to the service of our country in the Armed Forces of the United States."
My Father was a member of the "Greatest Generation," as coined by Tom Brokaw in his best-selling book. The men and women who fought against the Nazis and Japanese fascists in World War II saved the world from tyranny. He was a United States Army Air Corps flight engineer on one of the original B-29 bombers. The bomber was named "Old Battler," and flew 44 missions over the "hump," and 35 missions over the Japanese empire. For his service he recieved the Distinguished Flying Cross and other decorations. I shall never forget him and his comrades who served with valor and dedication during the darkest days of the 20th century.

Ask Me! (Forget the wannabe's), hire a "G.G."

2006-02-16T22:34:00.000-08:00

This is an expensive piece of wallpaper. It is the Diploma of a Gemological Institute of America Graduate Gemologist. Thousands and thousands of dollars plus X number of hours memorizing thousands of details which only start you out as a competent professional in the jewelry industry. And, don't forget to budget your instruments. MORE thousands of dollars. Only the serious pursue this path to any kind of success in the world-wide jewelry industry.

Mystic Topaz Dinner Bling Ring

2006-02-16T21:24:00.000-08:00

This is a trilliant cut "mystic topaz" set in 14k yellow gold accented by two rows of channel set round brilliant cut diamonds. Mystic topaz is produced using colorless topaz which is vapor-coated with Titanium Oxide. Different hues can be achieved through this deposition. It is an example of gemstones that are not originally found in nature, yet can be very beautiful. Always ask your gemologist about gemstone treatment when you are purchasing a ring like this. If they are ethical and competent they will be glad to explain everything to you in detail.

You want a WHAT?

2006-02-16T20:24:00.000-08:00

I encountered a silly situation today. A gentleman came to me and asked if he could purchase a "cheap watch." Well, as a matter of pride I don't sell CHEAP watches. So, I directed him to the nearest WalMart location in town. Now, if I were a slimey operator I could have offered him this "genuine" TIME quartz gentlemen's wristwatch from my personal collection. Note the brand. It says "TIME," like in TIMEX? This is what is known as a "knock-off," a "replica," a counterfeit item. And, coming from the far east, the scammers couldn't even spell the word "TIMEX" correctly. LOL!!!

Would You Care To Take A Look?

2006-02-16T15:14:00.000-08:00

This is my American Optical binocular microscope. The magnification range is 10x-120x. 10x is the standard magnification for diamond and gemstone grading. High magnification is often needed for conclusive gem identification.
I use this microscope in my work daily and also share interesting views with my clients. I like to reveal the fascinating world of internal gemstone inclusions. One of my favorites, when I encounter one; is a lily-pad like inclusion in Peridot. It really looks like a lily-pad!

Jewels Of Faith

2006-02-14T01:58:00.000-08:00

I see a great deal of religious jewelry worn these days wherever I travel. Is it my perception that people are grasping for spirituality in a world seemingly gone mad? Or, is it the case that people like to be recognized on a just-like-me basis? You can decide for yourself, I have to give it more consideration before I draw a final conclusion, if indeed there is one.
The religious pendants here are quite attractive in my estimation. The style presented is simply stated in French enamel accented with diamonds. The central pendant is a Chai, which relates to the Hebrew letters (het) and (yod) meaning "life." There is also a kabbalistic connection to the number 18 embodied in the symbol.

Las Vegas Is "Fabulous?" It Depends On Your Point Of View

2006-02-13T22:25:00.000-08:00

This is a replica of the "famous" Welcome to Las Vegas sign that is situated on the median of Las Vegas Boulevard just down the street. Sorry to say, Las Vegas isn't "fabulous" to the homeless here who infest the parks and alleys for lack of proper shelter. Contary to popular belief, not all of them are alcoholic or mentally impaired. Nor is it "fabulous" to the increasing number of unwanted, abused, and neglected children who end up in an overcrowded and understaffed cruelty of a government shelter called "Child Haven." I won't depress you with a recitation of the latest statistics that I read this past week regarding the social deterioration here. Beyond the BLING and glitter of this city lies a seething cesspool of social problems that the local leaders are unwilling and unable to address. The homeless and the children carry no POLITICAL influence in this city, they are expendable. Just like the trash in the streets.

There they go again! Life IS stranger than fiction.

2006-02-13T17:50:00.000-08:00

One more time, without feeling. It just so happened that an elderly couple came in today with a "diamond ring" that they "purchased" during a recent vacation trip to Italy. Well, they told me they PAID a lot over there, and wanted to know what it is worth here in the good ole USA. Who did they think they were trying to jerk around? The "diamond" was a round brilliant-cut synthetic cubic zirconium set in, are you ready for this---? BRASS! Incidentally, brass is known as a base metal composed of copper and zinc. Nothing wrong with that. But, it's not anywhere near GOLD in value. Of course, the interior of the ring (shank) was stamped "18K ZALES." This stinkin ring wasn't purchased in Italy! I know that they purchased it as a "bargain" from someone desperate for gambling money. One more time, NEVER BUY JEWELRY OFF THE STREET OR OFF SOMEONE IN A CASINO HERE OR ELSEWHERE! I can certify that you are going to be sorry about losing YOUR MONEY, when I get around to telling you the truth. Like most hotel-casino jewelry scam victims this couple had to invent a silly story embellished with bovine fecal matter to allay their embarassment at having been taken for a ride. After 21 years serving the jewelry industry as a Graduate Gemologist I have heard and seen just about everything honest and dishonest going on. Nothing much surprises me anymore, except for the ability of some people to tell me REALLY stupid lies that they ACTUALLY expect a person with my BACKGROUND to believe.

Fantasy Cuts

2006-02-09T02:17:00.000-08:00

"Fantasy" cut Amethyst and Citrine gemstones set in rings. This style of cutting was pioneered by a lapidary named Munsteiner in Idar-Oberstein, Republic of Germany. Amethyst and Citrine are classified as Type I colored stones as they are frequently flawless to the naked eye. Each gemstone weighs approximately 30 carats each. BIG BLING here!

Economical Luxury

2006-02-08T18:10:00.000-08:00

Guess who owns this sleek beauty? This 4-cylinder Mercedes-Benz sedan actually gets good mileage for a luxury car. The hard pressed for fuel economy SUV owners can eat their hearts out! Given the horrible traffic in Las Vegas, I prefer to walk as much as I can. Not only is that REALLY economical, I am currently as fit as I was when I was 18 years old. All thanks to the perpetual traffic jams and the high cost of foreign oil. Oh, and the public transit system insures that when you have to get somewhere you can get there. Just expect to sit in traffic like everyone else! I would break out my old racing bicycle, but I don't think I would have a chance to survive long given the CARELESS and frequently impaired drivers here.

You Need An Expert to Tell You The Difference

2006-02-08T02:10:00.000-08:00

This is a suite of six princess-cut EXPENSIVE AND RARE pink diamonds. Right? WRONG! What is actually depicted is a vivid suite of pink laboratory-created cubic zirconia worth just a few dollars, not to be confused with zircons or diamonds, which are natural gemstones. This is one reason why I tell people NEVER to buy any gemstone/s from ANYONE until they submit the stone to a gemological examination to confirm identity. There are compulsive gamblers here who will try to sell anything in the casinos that looks expensive just to get money to feed their addiction. Caveat Emptor! That is Latin for "buyer beware," in case you didn't study the language for 3 years at Foothill High School in Tustin, California like I did.

Billion Dollar View

2006-02-08T01:31:00.000-08:00

This is a view of the "strip" from the doorstep of my professional habitat. Contrary to some opinions, Las Vegas Boulevard is one of the safest streets in the U.S.A. Note the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police patrol cruiser. Also, the Nevada Highway Patrol shares jurisdiction on the "strip." Apprehending drivers under the influence of alcohol is a prime priority with them, count on it! I get to look at billions of dollars in real estate every day and it doesn't cost me a penny. How about that?

Green Bling!

2006-02-03T23:17:00.000-08:00

This is a natural emerald with a weight of 22.09 carats. We classify emeralds as a Type III colored stone as you can see that it has numerous characteristic inclusions which are typical of the gemstone. Flawless or near-flawless emeralds are very rare and expensive in any kind of size. COLOR is the most important attribute in gemstone grading and evaluation.

Welcome To The Graduate Gemologist's Notebook

2006-01-30T16:33:00.001-08:00

Greetings from the "entertainment capital of the world," Las Vegas, Nevada! I am the "G.G." on the "strip." Around town the locals call it the "boulevard." Well, at least the cabbies do. Oh, incidentally, "G.G." stands for Graduate Gemologist. And, to the best of my knowledge, I am the only Gemological Institute of America G.G. on the strip. Sure, it's lonely, but there is more BLING per acre here than anywhere else on the planet. I studied Diamond Grading and Evaluation, Gem Identification and Grading, and Valuation Science at Santa Ana College and the Gemological Institute of America, thus earning two degrees in the science of Gemology.
I get to deal with all kinds of jewelry and all kinds of characters who wear it in "Sin City." I have an interesting mix of clients, some VERY FAMOUS entertainers whose names I cannot mention here retain me as their personal gemologist. Lots of locals and people from all over the world, also seek my counsel. My task here is mainly educational, I feel that I have an obligation to share what knowledge I have acquired with the jewelry consuming public.